Ward Cunningham - Revision history

Caseorganic at 15:40, 25 August 2026

2026-08-25T15:40:43Z

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	[[File:Ward-Cunningham.jpg\|~~300px~~\|thumb\|right\|Ward Cunningham speaking at Amber Case's CyborgCamp Portland, 2008.]]		[[File:Ward-Cunningham.jpg\|600px\|thumb\|right\|Ward Cunningham speaking at Amber Case's CyborgCamp Portland, 2008.]]

	===Biography===		===Biography===

Caseorganic at 15:40, 25 August 2026

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	[[File:Ward-Cunningham.jpg\|300px\|thumb\|right\|Ward Cunningham]]		[[File:Ward-Cunningham.jpg\|300px\|thumb\|right\|Ward Cunningham speaking at Amber Case's CyborgCamp Portland, 2008.]]

	===Biography===		===Biography===

Caseorganic at 14:02, 25 August 2026

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	~~{{stub}}~~

	[[File:Ward-Cunningham.jpg\|300px\|thumb\|right\|Ward Cunningham]]		[[File:Ward-Cunningham.jpg\|300px\|thumb\|right\|Ward Cunningham]]

	=== Biography ===		===Biography===
	Ward Cunningham is an American computer programmer best known for inventing the first [[wiki]], [[WikiWikiWeb]] on c2.com, in 1995. His work has significantly influenced software development, knowledge management, and collaborative online communities. Cunningham is also known for his contributions to design patterns in programming and extreme programming (XP).		Howard G. "Ward" Cunningham (b. 26 May 1949) is an American computer programmer best known for inventing the first [[Wiki\|wiki]], WikiWikiWeb, on c2.com in 1995. His work has significantly influenced software development, knowledge management, and collaborative online communities. Cunningham is also known for his contributions to design patterns in programming and to extreme programming (XP).

	~~=== Contributions ===~~		He took degrees in interdisciplinary engineering and computer science at Purdue University, worked at Tektronix in Oregon, and has since held positions at Microsoft, the Eclipse Foundation, AboutUs, CitizenGlobal, New Relic and Nike. He co-founded the Hillside Group with Kent Beck, and was a signatory of the Agile Manifesto in 2001.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ward_Cunningham Ward Cunningham], biography and career.</ref>
	* '''WikiWikiWeb (1995):''' The first implementation of a wiki, ~~designed as~~ a ~~space for collaborative software design discussions~~.
	* '''Design Patterns Movement:~~'''~~ Cunningham ~~was instrumental in applying Christopher Alexander’s [[A Pattern Language]~~] ~~concepts to software engineering.~~
	* '''Extreme Programming (XP):''' Helped shape agile development methodologies by emphasizing simplicity, collaboration, and ~~iterative improvement~~.

	=== ~~Publications~~ ===		===Contributions===
	* '''[https://~~archive~~.org/~~details~~/~~isbn_9780201714999~~ The ~~Wiki Way~~: ~~Quick Collaboration~~ on the ~~Web ]~~''' (with ~~Bo Leuf, 2001)~~		* '''WikiWikiWeb (1995).''' The first implementation of a wiki, launched on 25 March 1995 as the front end to the Portland Pattern Repository and designed as a space for collaborative software design discussions. The name comes from the Hawaiian ''wiki wiki'', "quick," which Cunningham had heard used for the Honolulu airport shuttle bus. Its founding design decisions — that any visitor may edit any page, that editing requires no account, that links may be made to pages that do not yet exist, and that the full history is retained so vandalism is cheaper to revert than to commit — are the ones every later wiki inherited, including Wikipedia.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WikiWikiWeb WikiWikiWeb], history and design.</ref>
			* '''Design Patterns Movement.''' Cunningham was instrumental in applying Christopher Alexander's ''[[A Pattern Language]]'' concepts to software engineering. With Kent Beck he presented the first work on software patterns at OOPSLA in 1987, and the Portland Pattern Repository was built to collect them.
			* '''Extreme Programming (XP).''' Helped shape agile development methodologies by emphasising simplicity, collaboration, and iterative improvement. The CRC card technique for object-oriented design is his.
			* '''Technical debt.''' Cunningham introduced the metaphor at OOPSLA in 1992: shipping code that is not quite right is like taking on a loan, useful if repaid quickly and ruinous if the interest is allowed to compound. He has since noted that the metaphor is routinely misread as a licence to write bad code rather than as a warning about compounding.
			* '''Federated Wiki.''' His later project, begun around 2011, reconceives the wiki as a set of individually owned pages that can be forked, edited and re-shared across servers — an attempt to combine wiki openness with clear provenance.

	==== Collaborates With ====		===Publications===
			* ''The Wiki Way: Quick Collaboration on the Web'' (with Bo Leuf, Addison-Wesley, 2001). [https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780201714999 Internet Archive]

			===Relevance to Cyborg Anthropology===
			The wiki is one of the few genuinely novel social forms produced by networked computing, and Cunningham's design decisions encode a specific anthropological wager: that in a community with cheap reversal and full history, good-faith contribution will outweigh vandalism. That wager has held in some settings and failed in others, and the difference is almost entirely a matter of the community's [[Internalization of moral code\|internalized moral code]] rather than of the software. This site is itself an instance of the form.

			===Collaborates With===
	* [[Michael W. Mehaffy]]		* [[Michael W. Mehaffy]]

	==== Inspired By ====		===Inspired By===
	* [[Christopher Alexander]]		* [[Christopher Alexander]]

	==== Related ====		===Related===
	* [[Jane Jacobs]]		* [[Jane Jacobs]]
	* [[A Timeless Way of Building]]		* [[A Timeless Way of Building]]
	* [[Regenerative Design]]		* [[Regenerative Design]]
	* [[Agile Software Development]]		* [[Agile Software Development]]
			* [[Ted Nelson]]
			* [[Howard Rheingold]]

			===References===
			<references/>

	[[Category:People]]		[[Category:People]]
			[[Category:Computing History]]


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Caseorganic: Created a stub

2025-03-01T18:56:21Z

Created a stub

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	~~Ward Cunningham is known for inventing the first wiki, the basis of which Wikipedia runs on. c2.com.~~		{{stub}}

	~~The wiki format allowed for collaborative construction of knowledge by various nodes, regardless of geography. This book was created using the wiki format and can be edited and updated online at http~~:~~//cyborganthropology~~.~~com~~		[[File:Ward-Cunningham.jpg\|300px\|thumb\|right\|Ward Cunningham]]

	==~~References~~==		=== Biography ===
	~~<references~~ />		Ward Cunningham is an American computer programmer best known for inventing the first [[wiki]], [[WikiWikiWeb]] on c2.com, in 1995. His work has significantly influenced software development, knowledge management, and collaborative online communities. Cunningham is also known for his contributions to design patterns in programming and extreme programming (XP).

			=== Contributions ===
			* '''WikiWikiWeb (1995):''' The first implementation of a wiki, designed as a space for collaborative software design discussions.
			* '''Design Patterns Movement:''' Cunningham was instrumental in applying Christopher Alexander’s [[A Pattern Language]] concepts to software engineering.
			* '''Extreme Programming (XP):''' Helped shape agile development methodologies by emphasizing simplicity, collaboration, and iterative improvement.

			=== Publications ===
			* '''[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780201714999 The Wiki Way: Quick Collaboration on the Web ]''' (with Bo Leuf, 2001)

			==== Collaborates With ====
			* [[Michael W. Mehaffy]]

			==== Inspired By ====
			* [[Christopher Alexander]]

			==== Related ====
			* [[Jane Jacobs]]
			* [[A Timeless Way of Building]]
			* [[Regenerative Design]]
			* [[Agile Software Development]]

	[[Category:People]]		[[Category:People]]


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Caseorganic at 02:54, 6 November 2011

2011-11-06T02:54:15Z

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	Ward Cunningham is known for inventing the first wiki, the basis of which Wikipedia runs on. c2.com.		Ward Cunningham is known for inventing the first wiki, the basis of which Wikipedia runs on. c2.com.

			The wiki format allowed for collaborative construction of knowledge by various nodes, regardless of geography. This book was created using the wiki format and can be edited and updated online at http://cyborganthropology.com

	==References==		==References==

Caseorganic at 02:53, 6 November 2011

2011-11-06T02:53:18Z

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	[[Category:People]]		[[Category:People]]
	~~[[Category:Book Pages]]~~
	~~[[Category:Unfinished]]~~

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Caseorganic at 22:12, 24 September 2011

2011-09-24T22:12:54Z

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	Ward Cunningham is known for inventing the first wiki, the basis of which Wikipedia runs on. c2.com.		Ward Cunningham is known for inventing the first wiki, the basis of which Wikipedia runs on. c2.com.

	~~===Biography===~~

	~~===Projects===~~

	~~====Subproject (if applicable====~~

	~~===Further Reading===~~
	*
	*
	*

	==References==		==References==

Caseorganic at 22:11, 24 September 2011

2011-09-24T22:11:17Z

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	~~[[File:person~~.~~jpg\|300px\|thumb\|right\|Title]]~~		Ward Cunningham is known for inventing the first wiki, the basis of which Wikipedia runs on. c2.com.

	===Biography===		===Biography===
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	*		*

	===~~External Links~~===		==References==
			<references />


	[[Category:People]]		[[Category:People]]
			[[Category:Book Pages]]
			[[Category:Unfinished]]

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Caseorganic: Created page with 'Title ===Biography=== ===Projects=== ====Subproject (if applicable==== ===Further Reading=== * * * ===External Links=== [[Category:P…'

2010-11-28T00:02:48Z

Created page with '300px|thumb|right|Title ===Biography=== ===Projects=== ====Subproject (if applicable==== ===Further Reading=== * * * ===External Links=== [[Category:P…'

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[[File:person.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Title]]

===Biography===

===Projects===

====Subproject (if applicable====

===Further Reading===
*
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===External Links===

[[Category:People]]

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